In this guide:
What is a Granny Flat?
In NSW planning terms, a granny flat is called a secondary dwelling. It's a self-contained dwelling on the same lot as your main house, with its own kitchen, bathroom, and living areas.
Secondary dwellings can be:
- Detached – A separate building in your backyard
- Attached – Connected to the main house
- Within the main house – A converted garage or basement
Despite the name "granny flat," there's no requirement for the occupant to be a family member. You can rent it to anyone.
The Rules in NSW
Secondary dwellings in NSW are governed by the State Environmental Planning Policy (Housing) 2021, which sets out state-wide rules.
Key requirements:
| Maximum floor area | Capped by the Housing SEPP (some LEPs allow more) |
| Minimum lot size | 450sqm to build as complying development (Housing SEPP) |
| Number allowed | One per lot |
| Zones permitted | R1, R2, R3, R4, RU5 and some others |
| Separate subdivision | Not permitted (must stay on same title) |
💡 The floor area cap
The Housing SEPP caps a granny flat's floor area, and some councils' LEPs allow more. How the cap is measured for complying development was amended after the SEPP was made, so check the current wording with your certifier before you size your plans.
What to Check on Your Property
Before you start planning, verify these things about your property:
1. Lot size
To build as complying development, the Housing SEPP needs your lot to be at least 450sqm. Check your Deposited Plan or certificate of title for the exact area.
2. Zoning
Secondary dwellings are permitted in most residential zones. Check your LEP zoning. Rural zones have different rules.
3. Existing dwellings
You can only have one secondary dwelling per lot. If you already have one (or a dual occupancy), you can't add another.
4. Easements and covenants
Check your 88B instrument for:
- Drainage easements you can't build over
- Covenants restricting additional dwellings
- Building envelopes or setback requirements
5. Site constraints
Check your Section 10.7 certificate for:
- Flood affectation
- Bushfire prone land
- Heritage listing or conservation area
- Contamination
These constraints don't necessarily prevent a granny flat, but they may affect your approval pathway or require additional design considerations.
Approval Pathways
There are two ways to get approval for a granny flat in NSW:
Complying Development Certificate (CDC)
The fast-track option. If your granny flat meets all the standards in the Housing SEPP and Codes SEPP exactly, you can get a CDC from council or a private certifier.
Timeframe: usually quicker than a DA, because it is assessed against fixed standards
Cost: the certifier's fee proposal
You can't use CDC if:
- Property is heritage listed or in a Heritage Conservation Area
- Land is flood prone (above certain thresholds)
- Land is bushfire prone BAL-40 or BAL-FZ
- The design doesn't meet every standard exactly
Development Application (DA)
If you can't use CDC, you'll need a DA to council. This is also the pathway if you want to vary any standards.
Timeframe: depends on council and how complex the site is
Cost: council's DA fee schedule, plus any consultant reports it asks for
DAs allow more flexibility but take longer and require neighbour notification.
Costs
Granny flat costs vary significantly based on size, finishes, and site conditions, so we don't publish a price range. Each part of the cost comes from a quote:
| Component | Where the figure comes from |
|---|---|
| Design & approvals | Designer's fee proposal, and the certifier's or council's fees |
| Site works | Builder's quote after a site inspection |
| Construction | Builder's fixed-price quote |
| Services connection | Water and electricity connection quotes |
| Total | The sum of your quotes |
⚠️ Get proper quotes
Costs vary significantly by location, site conditions, and finish level. Always get detailed quotes from licensed builders before committing.
Renting Out Your Granny Flat
Yes, you can rent out your granny flat to anyone. There's no requirement for the tenant to be a family member.
Rental considerations:
- Separate metering – Consider installing separate electricity and water meters for fair billing
- Privacy – Design for good separation between dwellings (fencing, screening, separate entrances)
- Parking – Council may require an additional parking space
- Access – Tenants typically need independent access without going through your property
Rental income potential
Granny flat rent depends on location and quality. Check current listings for comparable granny flats near you before counting on rental income.
Next Steps
- Check your property – Verify lot size, zoning, and any constraints
- Get a site assessment – Identify the best location on your lot
- Design – Work with a designer or use a standard design from a granny flat company
- Approvals – Lodge CDC or DA as appropriate
- Build – Engage a licensed builder